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Is this due to the same problem as all true single drivers: no tweeter and cross over? I have heard and own a speaker amp that uses a Fostex mid-range/bass driver and a cross over to ribbon tweeter. It eliminates almost all of the unfavorable characteristics associated with single drivers.
Has anyone tried to make a 2-way headphone?
Observe, before you think. Think before you open your yap. Act on the basis of experience.
Follow Ups:
I don't really detect that problem with my Double Helix Cables replacement cabled Hifiman
HE-6 planar magnetic headphones they are pretty balanced ( though single ended wired ) sounding & more transparent sounding than any other phones I've had .
My Senn HD800s (also recalled ; but not DHC) are still slightly bright even with the Anax Mod, in comparison , the HD800s may have slightly better sound staging but they are not as transparent sounding.
My HE-6s get about the same amount of things " right" with the sound as my Maggie loudspeakers do with the same " sins of omission " only on a headphone level..
I guess you were talking about dynamic driver designs , but the HE 6s somewhat
re enforce my prefence in panel speakers as opposed to dynamic drivers less crossover influence in my opinion.
My introduction to this subject was Marko Hiipakka's 2008 master's thesis linked below. I'm not familiar with the scientific literature in this field, so there may be other better starting points, but I think this nicely written -- and is readily available on the internet.
He looks what affects the transmission of sound from the outer ear to the ear drum, how to measure it, what individual variation is like, and then how to model various aspects. Also he touches on localization, angle of incidence, and spatial cues which are likely all related to the experience of high fidelity "stereo."
Of course, this still leaves aside the very interesting topic of how the cochlea responds to the vibration of the ear drum, how nerve impulses are generated, and how those impulses are manipulated and interpreted by the brain. But you'll see, just the first part of the journey to the ear drum is interesting in it's own right -- and, I think, touches on your original question.
In terms of your question, I think you might be interested in starting around p. 13 where the author introduces the head-related transfer function and says, "It describes how a given sound wave input (parameterized as frequency and source location) is filtered by the diffraction and reflection properties of the head, pinna and torso, before the sound reaches the eardrum."
I found it enjoyable reading.
both stapes have been replaced by metal pieces in two operations. These have their own problems and peculiarities. Thanks for the reference.
Observe, before you think. Think before you open your yap. Act on the basis of experience.
The physical problems are somewhat different from speakers.In a headphone you are in the 'near field' for nearly all frequencies, i.e. the distance from driver to ear is less than the wavelength of the sound.
The active size of the driver is about the same diameter as a tweeter so clearly that's as small as you need to get for 20 khz.
You don't really need multiple drivers for radiation pattern purposes as you do with a loudspeaker. And then with the bass, you don't need to have very different physical requirements for the woofer as you don't have to drive anywhere near as much power through it. So some of the requirements which drive loudspeakers to multiple drivers aren't present with headphones.
In effect I believe that the physical construction of the drivers end up generating higher frequencies from a smaller area than the lower frequencies.
Most conventional drivers look as follows:
http://www.innerfidelity.com/content/very-important-sennheiser-hd-580-hd-600-and-hd-650-page-2
It's not obvious from that picture, but I opened up my HD580 (looks like "Current HD600"). The center of the driver, inside the ring of the coil, is actually a 3-dimensional dome facing outward, i.e. just like a tweeter with about a 2 cm diameter.
That part goes directly into the ear through the apparatus in the upper line, the center which is open.
The outer parts of the driver go through the larger circle which is covered with the white part, I guess I'd call that a 'midrange'.
Then finally bass frequencies probably get transmitted mostly through the resonance with the entire cavity and propagate through the whole of the white oval.
So to some degree, headphones might already be "multi-way" but accomplished by acoustic and physical means.
Edits: 03/06/14 03/06/14
I'm not an IEM user (are they really "headphones"?) but I know that the best ones use tiny, multiple-driver arrays in order to achieve excellent sound quality.
Edits: 03/05/14
nt
Observe, before you think. Think before you open your yap. Act on the basis of experience.
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